在工作場景中,采購經常會接觸到各種英文和英文縮寫,涉及的客戶需求、采購需求、計劃、訂單、合同、物流包裝、結算......等等,對很多采購與供應鏈朋友來說還是有點困難。
收集整理了采購專業相關英語日常術語,供大家收藏學習,希望對大家有所幫助。
- custom made: 需指定制造的產品
 - first priority: 最高的優先級別
 - PPR( Premium price request): 高于標準價格采購請求
 - RFQ(request for quote): 報價請求,詢盤
 - ESI(Early supplier involvement): 供應商早期介入
 - cost modeling:成本模型
 - STD price: 標準價格
 - Stock-out cost: 缺貨成本
 - awarded supplier: 指定供應商
 - escalate to higher level: 提交上級處理
 - cut hard order: 手動下訂單
 - customer demand pull-in: 客戶需求提前或增加
 - Distributor:分銷商;
 - Manufacture:廠商;
 - Broker:經紀商。(緊急情況下啟用,價格較高。)
 - EAU (Estimated annual usage): 預估每年需求量
 - line down: 停產APQP(advanced product quality planning): 指產品在量產前對如何實現產品以及如何進行質量控制看展的策劃活動。
 - PPAP(production part approval process):生產件批準程序,是指第一次生產樣件時向客戶提交一系列文件記錄清單,如樣品檢測報告,FMEA,工藝流程圖,控制計劃,圖紙等等,要提交的資料根據客戶要求進行,提交后客戶將確認OK后方可進行試生產階段。
 - EOQ(economic ordering quantity): 經濟訂購數量,EOQ=(A:單位時間凈需求 S:每次訂購費用 U:商品單位成本 C:儲存成本)
 - EDI(electronic data interchange): 電子數據交換。
 
- R&D (research and design) 研發
 - APS (automated purchasing system) 自動采購系統
 - CAD (computer automated design) 計算機輔助設計
 - ERP (enterprise resource planning) 企業資源計劃
 - ANX (automotive network exchange) 自動網絡交換
 - CPO (chief procurement officers) 采購總監
 - CPE (collaborative planning and execution) 合作計劃和執行
 - TCA (total cost of acquisition) 總獲取成本 或 TCO OwnershipCPFR (collaborative,planning,forecasting,replenishment)合作,計劃,預測,補充
 - SCM (supply chain management) 供應鏈管理
 - VMI (vendor managed inventory) 賣方管理庫存
 - VMR (vendor managed replenishment) 賣方管理補貨
 - SCOR (supply chain operations reference) 供應鏈管理指南
 - LEW (least ex works) 最小離岸價
 - MOM (markup over coat model) 成本變動
 - 3PL (third party logistics) 第三方物流
 - MRP (material requirements planning) 物料需求計劃
 - CIO (computer information officers) 信息主管
 - PDCA (plan-do-check action cycle) 計劃-實施-檢查循環
 
- 分析庫存-庫存盤點;Inventory analysis-Create physical inventory document
 - 做采購申請;Create purchase requisition
 - 批準采購申請;Approve purchase requisition
 - 做采購訂單;Create purchase order
 - 創建貨源清單,詢價-報價-確認供應商;Create source list, enquire-quotation-choose supplier
 - 做合同;Create contract
 - 收貨-驗貨-發貨 Goods receipt-goods inspection-goods issue
 - 催**,校驗**;Push supplier`s invoice, invoice verify
 - 付款;Arrange payment
 
- CIF (cost,insurance&freight)成本、保險加運費價
 - CFR(cost and freight)成本加運費價
 - T/T(telegraphic transfer)電匯
 - D/P(document against payment)付款交單
 - D/A (document against acceptance)承兌交單
 - C.O (certificate of origin)一般原產地證
 - EMS (express mail special)特快傳遞
 - G.S.P.(generalized system of preferences)普惠制
 - CTN/CTNS(carton/cartons)紙箱
 - PCE/PCS(piece/pieces)只、個、支等
 - DL/DLS(dollar/dollars)美元
 - DOZ/DZ(dozen)一打
 - PKG(package)一包,一捆,一扎,一件等
 - WT(weight)重量
 - G.W.(gross weight)毛重
 - N.W.(net weight)凈重
 - C/D (customs declaration)報關單
 - EA(each)每個,各
 - W (with)具有
 - w/o(without)沒有
 - FAC(facsimile)傳真
 - IMP(import)進口
 - EXP(export)出口
 - MAX (maximum)最大的、最大限度的
 - MIN (minimum)最小的,最低限度
 - M 或MED (medium)中等,中級的
 - M/V(merchant vessel)商船
 - S.S(steamship)船運
 - MT或M/T(metric ton)公噸
 - DOC (document)文件、單據
 - INT(international)國際的
 - P/L (packing list)裝箱單、明細表
 - INV (invoice)**
 - PCT (percent)百分比
 - REF (reference)參考、查價
 - STL.(style)式樣、款式、類型
 -  T或LTX或TX(telex)電傳
 -  S/M (shipping marks)裝船標記 
 - PR或PRC(price) 價格
 -  PUR (purchase)購買、購貨 
 - S/C(sales contract)銷售確認書
 -  L/C (letter of credit)信用證
 -  B/L (bill of lading)提單
 -  FOB (free on board)離岸價、裝運港船上交貨
 - CIF(COST,INSURANCE AND FREIGHT)--成本加保險費、運費
 - CFR(COST AND FREIGH)---成本加運費
 - FCA(FREE CARRIER)--貨交承運人
 - CPT(CARRIAGE PAID TO)--運費付至
 - CIP(CARRIAGE AND INSURANCE PAID TO)--運費、保險費付至 
 
- ABC Classification ABC分類法
 - Activity-Based Costing 業務量成本法/作業成本法
 - ACRS (Accelerated cost recovery system) 快速成本回收制度
 - Action Message 行為/措施信息
 - AIS (Accounting information system) 會計信息系統
 - Allocation 已分配量
 - Anticipated Delay Report 拖期預報
 - A/P (Accounts Payable) 應付帳款
 - APICS (American Production &
 - Inventory Control Society) 美國生產及庫存控制協會
 - AQL (Acceptable quality Level) 可接受質量水平
 - A/R (Accounts Receivable) 應收帳款
 - Automatic Rescheduling 自動重排產
 - Available To Promise (APT) 可簽約量
 - Backflush 倒沖法
 - Backlog 未完成訂單/未結訂單
 - Back Scheduling 倒序排產
 - BE analysis (Break-even analysis) 盈虧臨界點分析,保本分析
 - Bill of Material (BOM) 物料清單
 - Business Plan 經營規劃
 - B/V (Book value) 帳面價值
 - Capacity Requirements Planning (CRP) 能力需求計劃
 - CBA (Cost-benefit analysis) 成本效益分析
 - CEO 首席執行官
 - CFO (Chief Financial Officer) 財務總裁
 - Closed Loop MRP 閉環物料需求計劃
 - CPM (Critical path method) 關鍵路線法
 - CPP accounting (Constant purchasing power accounting) 不變購買力會計
 - Cumulative Lead Time 累計提前期
 - C&F(cost&freight)成本加運費價
 - T/T(telegraphic transfer)電匯
 - D/P(document against payment)付款交單
 - D/A (document against acceptance)承兌交單
 - C.O (certificate of origin)一般原產地證
 - Cycle Counting 周期盤點
 - Demand 需求
 - Demand Management 需求管理
 - Demonstrated Capacity 實際能力
 - Dependent Demand 非****需求
 - DFL (Degree of financial leverage) 財務杠桿系數
 - Direct-deduct Inventory Transaction Processing 直接增減庫存法
 - Dispatch List 派工單
 - DOL (Degree of operating leverage) 經營杠桿系數
 - ELS (Economic lot size) 經濟批量
 - EOQ (Economic order quantity) 經濟訂貨批量
 - &nbs;FIFO (Fist-in,Fist-out) 先進先出法
 - Firm Planned Order 確認計劃訂單
 - FISH/LIFO (Fist-in,Still-here) 后進先出法
 - Fixed Order Quantity 固定訂貨批量法
 - Flow Shop 流水車間
 - Focus Forecasting 集中預測
 - Full Pegging 完全跟蹤
 - Generally Accepted Manufacturing Practices 公認生產管理原則
 - Independent Demand ****需求
 - Inpu/Output Control 投入/產出控制
 - Interplant Demand 廠際需求
 - Inventory Turnover 庫存周轉次數
 - Item 物料項目
 - Item Record 項目記錄
 - Job Shop 加工車間
 - Just-in-time (JIT) 準時制生產
 - Lead Time 提前期 前置期,指訂單從收到具體明細到貨到貨倉收到落貨紙這一段時間,可以用評估工廠的綜合實力。 
 - Level 層
 - Load 負荷
 - Lot for Lot 按需訂貨法
 - LP (Linear programming) 線性規劃
 - Machine Loading 機器加載
 - Make-to-order Product (MTO) 面向訂單生產的產品
 - Make-to-stock Product (MTS) 面向庫存生產產品
 - Manufacturing Resource Planning (MRP II) 制造資源計劃
 - Master Production Schedule (MPS) 主生產計劃
 - Material Requirements Planning (MRP) 物料需求計劃
 - MBO (Management by objective) 目標管理
 - Net Change MRP 凈改變式物料需求計劃
 - Net Requirements 凈需求
 - Oliver Wight MRP-II理論的創始人
 - On-hand Balance 現在庫存量
 - Open Order 未結訂單/開放訂單
 - Order Entry 訂單輸入
 - Order Promising 訂貨承諾
 - Pegging 反查
 - Picking 領料/提貨
 - Picking List 領料單
 - Planned Order 計劃訂單
 - Post-deduct Inventory Transaction Processing (Backflush) 后減庫存處理法/倒沖法
 - Pre-deduct Inventory Transaction Processing 前減庫存處理法
 - Production Planning 生產規劃編制
 - Projected Available Balance 預計可用庫存
 - Gueue 隊列
 - Gueue Time 排隊時間
 - Regeneration MRP 重生成式物料需求計劃
 - Rescheduling Assumption 重排假設
 - Resource Requirement Planning 資源需求計劃
 - Rough-cut Capacity Planning 粗能力計劃
 - Routing 工藝路線
 - Safety Stock 安全庫存
 - Safety Time 保險期
 - Scheduled Receipt 預計入庫量
 - Scrap Factor 殘料率/廢品系數
 - Service Parts 維修件
 - Shop Floor Control 車間作業管理
 - Shrinkage Factor 損耗系數
 - Time Bucket 時間段
 - Tie Fence 時界
 - VE (value engineering) 價值工程
 - Vendor Scheduling 采購計劃法
 - Work Center 工作中心
 - Work in Process (WIP) 在制品
 - ZBB (Zero based Budgeting) 零基預算
 - Zero Inventories 零庫存
 - Accounting Clerk --記帳員;
 - Accounting Supervisor--會計主管;
 - Administration Manager--行政經理;
 - Supervisor --監管員;
 - Bond Analyst --證券分析員;
 - Fund Manager--財務經理;
 - Assistant Manager --副經理;
 - payment支付,付款
 - to pay付款,支付,償還
 - dishonour拒付
 - deferred payment延期付款
 - progressive payment分期付款
 - payment on terms定期付款
 - payment agreement支付協定
 - pay order支付憑證
 - payment order付款通知
 - payment by banker銀行支付
 - payment by remittance匯撥支付
 - payment in part部分付款
 - payment in full全部付訖
 - clean payment單純支付
 - simple payment單純支付
 - payment by installment分期付款
 - payment respite延期付款
 - payment at maturity到期付款
 - payment in advance預付(貨款)
 - Cash With Order (C.W.O)隨訂單付現
 - Cash On Delivery (C.O.D)交貨付現
 - discount貼現
 - draft匯票
 - Promisory Note本票
 - cheque支票
 - clean bill光票
 - documentary bill跟單匯票
 - Sight Bill即期匯票
 - Time Bill遠期匯票
 - Usance Bill遠期匯票
 - Commercial Bill商業匯票
 - Banker""s Bill銀行匯票
 - Transferable L/C 可轉讓信用證
 - Untransferable L/C 不可轉讓信用證
 - Revolving L/C 循環信用證
 - Reciprocal L/C 對開信用證
 - Back to Back L/C 背對背信用證
 - Countervailing credit (俗稱)子證
 - Overriding credit 母證
 - Banker""s Acceptance L/C 銀行承兌信用證
 - Trade Acceptance L/C 商業承兌信用證
 - Red Clause L/C 紅條款信用證
 - Anticipatory L/C 預支信用證
 - Credit payable by a trader 商業付款信用證
 - Credit payable by a bank 銀行付款信用證
 - usance credit payment at sight 假遠期信用證
 - Uniform Customs and Practice for Documentary Credits 跟單信用證統一慣例
 - I.C.C. Publication No.400 第400號出版物
 - Credit with T/T Reimbursement Clause 帶有電報索匯條款的信用證
 - method of reimbursement 索匯方法
 - without recourse 不受追索
 - Opening Bank"" Name & Signature 開證行名稱及簽字
 - beneficiary 受益人
 - guarantor 保證人
 - Exporter""s Bank 出口方銀行
 - Importer""s Bank 進口方銀行
 - Seller""s Bank 賣方銀行
 - Buyer""s Bank 買方銀行
 - Paying Bank 付款行,匯入行
 - Remitting Bank 匯出行
 - Opening Bank 開證行
 - Issuing Bank 開證行
 - Advising Bank 通知行
 - Notifying Bank 通知行
 - Negotiating Bank 議付行
 - Drawee Bank 付款行
 - Confirming Bank 保兌行
 - Presenting Bank 提示行
 - Transmitting Bank 轉遞行
 - Accepting Bank 承兌行
 - Additional Words and Phrases
 - pay bearer 付給某人
 - bearer 來人
 - payer 付款人